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Related Experiment Videos

Water for preventing urinary calculi.

W Qiang, Z Ke

    The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
    |July 22, 2004
    PubMed
    Summary

    Increased water intake significantly reduces urinary calculi recurrence and prolongs recurrence intervals. However, more research is needed due to limited evidence for primary prevention.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Urology
    • Preventive Medicine

    Background:

    • Urinary calculi (kidney stones) are prevalent with high recurrence rates.
    • Increased water intake is a common, long-standing preventive strategy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the effectiveness of increased water intake for preventing urinary calculi.
    • To assess its role in both primary and secondary prevention.

    Main Methods:

    • Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs.
    • Searches conducted across multiple databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, etc.) up to May 2004.
    • Meta-analysis using random effects model for risk ratios and weighted mean differences.

    Main Results:

    • No trials met inclusion criteria for primary prevention of urinary calculi.
    • One trial (199 patients) showed increased water intake reduced recurrence rates (12% vs. 27%, RR 0.45).
    • Increased water intake prolonged the average interval between recurrences (3.23 years vs. 2.09 years).

    Conclusions:

    • Limited evidence suggests increased water intake lowers urinary calculi recurrence risk.
    • Further high-quality RCTs are necessary to confirm these findings.
    • Insufficient data exists to draw conclusions on primary prevention.

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