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Group interactions during space missions.

Nick Kanas1

  • 1University of California/San Francisco, CA, USA. nick21@itsa.ucsf.edu

Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
|July 23, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Astronauts and mission control displaced negative emotions outward during space missions. Differences in satisfaction were found between American and Russian personnel, suggesting countermeasures for future space crews.

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Area of Science:

  • Space psychology
  • Human factors in aerospace
  • Crew dynamics

Background:

  • Anecdotal reports and simulation studies suggest problematic crew interactions in space.
  • These interactions can negatively impact crew safety and mission success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the interpersonal environment of space crewmembers.
  • To identify potential issues affecting crew cohesion and satisfaction during space missions.

Main Methods:

  • Standard questionnaires administered to astronauts, cosmonauts, and mission control personnel.
  • Study participants included 5 astronauts, 8 cosmonauts, and 58 American and Russian mission control staff from the Shuttle/Mir Program.

Main Results:

  • No strong evidence of decreased tension or cohesion in the latter half of missions.
  • Crewmembers and mission control displaced negative emotions to external personnel.
  • Significant differences in interpersonal and work environment satisfaction between American and Russian participants.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest countermeasures for future space crews.
  • Recommendations address crew selection, prelaunch training, in-mission support, and post-mission debriefing.
  • Countermeasures aim to mitigate maladaptive group interactions and enhance mission outcomes.
Keywords:
NASA Discipline Space Human FactorsNASA Experiment Number 9401628Non-NASA Center

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