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Related Experiment Videos

Executive dysfunction and visuospatial ability among depressed elders in a community setting.

Virginia Elderkin-Thompson1, Anand Kumar, Jim Mintz

  • 1Neuropsychiatric Research Institute & Hospital, University of California, 760 Westwood Plaza, C8-688, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1759, USA. velderkin@mednet.ucla.edu

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology : the Official Journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists
|July 24, 2004
PubMed
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Executive dysfunction, specifically planning deficits, may underlie visuospatial memory decline in elderly patients with depression. This planning impairment impacts recall abilities, suggesting prefrontal cortex involvement in late-life depression.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Visuospatial ability is often impaired in elderly depressed individuals.
  • The cause is debated: visuospatial memory deficit or executive dysfunction impacting visuospatial skills.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if executive scores from the Boston Qualitative Scoring System (BQSS) differentiate depressed elderly patients from controls.
  • To determine if executive function mediates the link between depression and nonverbal recall.

Main Methods:

  • Used a between-groups design with 31 depressed elderly patients and 31 healthy controls.
  • Administered the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF) test, scored using the BQSS.
  • Analyzed executive and drawing scores from copy and recall phases.

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Main Results:

  • Executive scores during copying and drawing scores during recall distinguished diagnostic groups.
  • Copy Planning score specifically separated depressed patients from controls.
  • Planning mediated the relationship between depression and short-delay recall, eliminating the direct depression-recall pathway when controlled.

Conclusions:

  • Executive dysfunction, particularly in planning, may explain reduced nonverbal recall in elderly depression.
  • This finding supports the theory of prefrontal cortex dysfunction in late-life depression.