[Pseudo-neoplastic aspects of thoracic actinomycosis]

Pulmonary actinomycosis, a rare bacterial disease, is characterized by focal suppuration and an expansile fibrogranulomatous process that has a pseudotumoral evolution. On radioclinical examinations, it often mimicks an advanced or even inextractable primary bronchial tumor, thus leading to extensive surgery or even to give up the treatment. The effectiveness of antibiotic therapy leads the authors to discuss the role and limitations of surgery.