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Application of control measures for infections caused by multi-resistant gram-negative bacteria in intensive care

Sinaida Teixeira Martins1, Marina Moreira, Guilherme Henrique Campos Furtado

  • 1Comissão de Epidemiologia Hospitalar, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04024-002, Brasil.

Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
|July 27, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Implementing infection control measures in intensive care units (ICUs) significantly reduced bloodstream infections. While overall infection rates showed no statistical change, these targeted interventions highlight the effectiveness of ICU infection control strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Hospital Epidemiology

Background:

  • Multi-resistant gram-negative rods are significant pathogens in intensive care units (ICUs), leading to high mortality.
  • Effective infection control measures are crucial to prevent the spread of these resistant organisms between patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively evaluate the impact of implemented prevention and control measures on hospital-acquired infections in an ICU setting.
  • To compare infection rates before and after the establishment of new control strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study conducted in the Anesthesiology ICU of Hospital São Paulo from March 1997 to June 1998.
  • Utilized the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System (NNIS) methodology.
  • Compared infection rates during the first three months post-intervention (March-May 1997) with the last three months (March-May 1998).

Main Results:

  • A total of 933 patients were studied across two periods.
  • Overall infection rates for urinary tract infections and pneumonia did not show statistical significance between periods (p=0.067).
  • A statistically significant decrease in hospital bloodstream infection rates was observed post-intervention (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • While overall infection rates did not change significantly, targeted intervention measures were effective in reducing hospital bloodstream infections.
  • Control measures implemented in the ICU setting can contribute significantly to preventing hospital-acquired infections.

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