Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 23, 2026

Surgical Porcine Model of Chronic Myocardial Ischemia Treated by Exosome-laden Collagen Patch and Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
05:25

Surgical Porcine Model of Chronic Myocardial Ischemia Treated by Exosome-laden Collagen Patch and Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft

Published on: September 15, 2023

Coronary anatomy and left ventricular ejection fraction in patients with type 2 diabetes admitted for elective

Peter Ammann1, Hanspeter Brunner-La Rocca, Thomas Fehr

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland. peter.ammann@kssg.ch

Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions : Official Journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions
|July 27, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Diabetic patients have significantly worse coronary artery disease and heart function compared to non-diabetics. Early cardiac screening is crucial for individuals with diabetes mellitus to detect heart problems.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus (DM) is linked to more severe coronary artery disease (CAD).
  • Diabetic patients face a 2-4 times higher risk of myocardial infarction and mortality.
  • Understanding the cardiac implications of DM is critical for patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze and compare coronary anatomy and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients.
  • To identify cardiac risk factors associated with diabetes in patients undergoing coronary angiography.
  • To determine if DM independently predicts advanced coronary heart disease and left ventricular dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Coronary angiography data from 6,234 patients were analyzed.
  • Left ventricular ejection fraction was assessed in 4,767 patients (76.5%).
  • Diabetic (n=641) and non-diabetic patient groups were compared for CAD severity, LVEF, and risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Diabetic patients were older and had higher rates of hypertension.
  • Three-vessel disease was significantly more prevalent in diabetic patients (44.7% vs. 25.4%).
  • Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction was also significantly associated with diabetes (58.4% vs. 63.9%).

Conclusions:

  • Advanced coronary heart disease and left ventricular dysfunction are highly prevalent in diabetic patients.
  • These cardiac issues are present independently of age and other cardiovascular risk factors.
  • Cardiac assessment in diabetic patients should include screening for left ventricular dysfunction alongside diabetic control.

Related Concept Videos

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
Cardiac Catheterization III: Left Heart Catheterization01:24

Cardiac Catheterization III: Left Heart Catheterization

Left heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the function and structure of the left side of the heart. It is generally performed to diagnose and treat cardiovascular conditions such as valve abnormalities, coronary artery disease, and congenital heart defects.Diagnostic and therapeutic purposesLeft heart catheterization serves various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Assessing coronary artery bypass grafts.Evaluating coronary artery disease in...
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT

Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview01:28

Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview

Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic technique used to identify and evaluate structural and functional diseases of the heart and major blood vessels. This technique diagnoses congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and coronary spasms and assesses ventricular function. It helps guide treatment decisions, including the need for revascularization procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and...
Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:19

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...