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Paediatric pulmonary vascular disease

Irene M Lang1, Diana Bonderman, Meinhard Kneussl

  • 1Department of Adult Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. irene.lang@univie.ac.at

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews
|July 28, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Pulmonary vascular disease affects intrinsic pulmonary vessels, potentially causing pulmonary hypertension (PH). This review examines pediatric PH based on the 2003 World Health Organization classification.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Pulmonology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Pulmonary vascular disease involves pathologies of pulmonary arteries and veins.
  • Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is defined as mean pulmonary arterial pressure >25 mmHg.
  • PH can be pre-capillary or post-capillary, affecting resistance vessels or venous pressure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review pulmonary vascular disease in children.
  • To classify pediatric PH using the 2003 World Health Organization (Venice) classification.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on pediatric pulmonary vascular disease.
  • Application of the 2003 WHO classification criteria for PH.

Main Results:

  • Pulmonary vascular disease can lead to increased pulmonary vascular resistance.
  • Pathological changes include vasoconstriction, remodeling, and thrombosis.
  • The primary consequence of increased resistance is right ventricular failure.

Conclusions:

  • Pulmonary vascular disease in children requires classification for accurate diagnosis and management.
  • The 2003 WHO classification provides a framework for understanding pediatric PH.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of PH is crucial for addressing right ventricular dysfunction.

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