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Microbial acidification and pH effects on trace element release from sewage sludge.

Shabnam Qureshi1, Brian K Richards, Tammo S Steenhuis

  • 1Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Riley-Robb Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853-5701, USA.

Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
|July 28, 2004
PubMed
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Microbial and chemical acidification significantly increase trace element leaching from wastewater sludge. Preventing acidification with lime or sand effectively reduces this leaching, with mobilized elements being readsorbed by calcareous sand.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Microbiology
  • Geochemistry

Background:

  • Trace element leaching from wastewater sludge is a known environmental concern.
  • The specific role of microbial processes in trace element mobilization from sludge requires further clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate trace element mobilization from sludge under microbial acidification, chemical acidification, and non-acidified conditions.
  • To assess the potential for calcareous sand to readsorb mobilized trace elements.

Main Methods:

  • Sludge columns were subjected to eight sequential incubation and leaching cycles with synthetic acid rain.
  • Treatments included microbial acidification, direct chemical acidification (H2SO4), and no acidification (CaCO3 or sand).
  • Leachates were analyzed for trace elements, nitrate, and pH; microbial respiration was measured.

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Main Results:

  • Acidification, both microbial and direct, led to significant leaching of Zn, Cu, and Ni (>90% for Zn).
  • Preventing acidification with lime or sand substantially restricted trace element leaching, except for Mo.
  • Calcareous sand demonstrated a capacity to readsorb mobilized trace elements.

Conclusions:

  • Microbial acidification is a primary driver of rapid trace element leaching from wastewater sludge, comparable to direct chemical acidification.
  • Acidification control measures, such as lime or sand, are effective in mitigating trace element release.
  • Calcareous sand can play a role in readsorbing leached trace elements, offering a potential remediation strategy.