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Feeding and egg distribution studies of Heringia calcarata (Diptera: Syrphidae), a specialized predator of woolly

B D Short1, J C Bergh

  • 1Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.

Journal of Economic Entomology
|July 29, 2004
PubMed
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Heringia calcarata, a hover fly, is a specialized predator of woolly apple aphid. This study found H. calcarata larvae survived and developed best on woolly apple aphid, indicating its importance in controlling this pest.

Area of Science:

  • Entomology
  • Pest Management
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Woolly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum) is a significant pest in apple orchards.
  • Biological control agents are crucial for sustainable pest management.
  • The predatory role of syrphid flies in aphid control is well-documented, but species-specific interactions require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prey suitability of woolly apple aphid for the syrphid fly Heringia calcarata.
  • To compare the effectiveness of H. calcarata against other aphid pests of apple.
  • To assess the role of H. calcarata as a natural enemy of woolly apple aphid in Virginia apple orchards.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory feeding trials comparing larval survival, development, and consumption rates on different aphid species.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Field surveys to quantify syrphid egg abundance in aphid colonies on apple trees.
  • Identification of syrphid predator species present in aphid colonies.

    • Main Results:

    • Heringia calcarata larvae exhibited significantly higher survival and development rates on woolly apple aphid compared to rosy apple aphid; no survival occurred on spirea aphid.
    • Larvae developed faster and achieved greater weight on woolly apple aphid.
    • H. calcarata eggs were exclusively found in woolly apple aphid colonies, suggesting specialization.

    Conclusions:

    • Heringia calcarata is a specialized predator of woolly apple aphid.
    • This syrphid fly demonstrates high prey suitability for woolly apple aphid, making it a promising biological control agent.
    • Findings support the targeted use of H. calcarata for managing woolly apple aphid infestations in Virginia apple orchards.