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Updated: Aug 3, 2026

Analysis of DNA Double-strand Break (DSB) Repair in Mammalian Cells
Published on: September 8, 2010
Homologous recombination-mediated double-strand break repair
Claire Wyman1, Dejan Ristic, Roland Kanaar
1Department of Cell Biology & Genetics, Erasmus MC, PO Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands. c.wyman@erasmusmc.nl
Abstract:
Exchange of DNA strands between homologous DNA molecules via recombination ensures accurate genome duplication and preservation of genome integrity. Biochemical studies have provided insights into the molecular mechanisms by which homologous recombination proteins perform these essential tasks. More recent cell biological experiments are addressing the behavior of homologous recombination proteins in cells. The challenge ahead is to uncover the relationship between the individual biochemical activities of homologous recombination proteins and their coordinated action in the context of the living cell.
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Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
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