Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 23, 2026

Ultrafast Time-resolved Near-IR Stimulated Raman Measurements of Functional π-conjugate Systems
Published on: February 10, 2020
Fuzzy logic for identifying pigments studied by Raman spectroscopy
Pablo Manuel Ramos1, Joan Ferré, Itziar Ruisánchez
1Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry. Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Pl. Imperial 1, 43005 Tarragona, Spain.
Abstract:
Fuzzy logic and linguistic variables are used for the automatic interpretation of Raman spectra obtained from pigments found in cultural heritage art objects. Featured bands are extracted from a Raman spectrum of a reference pigment and the methodology for constructing the library is illustrated. An unknown spectrum is then interpreted automatically and a process for identifying the corresponding pigment is described. A reference library consisting of 32 pigments was built and the effectiveness of the algorithm was tested by the Raman spectroscopic analysis of 10 pigments that are known to have been extensively used in Byzantine hagiography. Binary mixtures of these pigments were also tested. The algorithm's level of identification was good even though extra peaks, noise, and background signals were encountered in the spectra.
Related Concept Videos
Raman Spectroscopy: Overview
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and the...
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy of Conjugated Systems
One of the factors influencing λmax is the extent of conjugation in the...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Woodward–Fieser Rules
IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region
The...

