[Risk factors and clinical characteristics of thromboembolic venous disease in young patients: a prospective study]

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María José García-Fuster1, Conrado Fernández, María José Forner

  • 1Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain. garciafuster_mjo@gva.es

Medicina Clinica
|July 30, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Congenital factors, like Factor V Leiden and antiphospholipid antibodies (APAs), are key risk factors for thromboembolic disease in young adults. These patients often require fewer acquired factors to develop thrombosis.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Thromboembolic disease affects young individuals, necessitating identification of underlying risk factors.
  • Understanding the interplay of congenital and acquired factors is crucial for managing thrombosis in younger populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors for thromboembolic disease in patients under 50.
  • To analyze clinical characteristics based on the etiology of thromboembolic events.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 100 young patients hospitalized for thromboembolic disease.
  • Diagnostic methods included eco-Doppler, flebography, lung gammagraphy, and CT scans.
  • Assessed congenital factors (e.g., Factor V Leiden, protein deficiencies) and acquired factors, including antiphospholipid antibodies (APAs).

Main Results:

  • Lower limb venous thrombosis occurred in 87% of patients.
  • Congenital risk factors were present in 37%, and APAs in 19%; remaining patients had acquired factors.
  • Factor V Leiden, prothrombin G20210A, and protein C/S deficiencies were common congenital factors. Family history was more frequent with congenital factors.

Conclusions:

  • Congenital etiologies or APAs identified in 56% of young patients with thromboembolic disease.
  • Fewer acquired risk factors are needed to trigger thrombosis in patients with identified congenital causes or APAs.
Abstract

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