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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Fields01:27

Magnetic Fields

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A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...
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Motion Of A Charged Particle In A Magnetic Field01:22

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A charged particle experiences a force when moving through a magnetic field. Consider the field to be uniform and the charged particle to move perpendicular to it. If the field is in a vacuum, the magnetic field is the dominant factor determining the motion. Since the magnetic force is perpendicular to the direction of motion, a charged particle follows a curved path. The particle continues to follow this curved path until it forms a complete circle. Another way to look at this is that the...
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Induction01:16

Induction

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An emf is induced when the magnetic field in a coil is changed by pushing a bar magnet into or out of the coil. emfs of opposite signs are produced by motion in opposite directions, and the directions of emfs are also reversed by reversing poles. The same results are produced if the coil is moved rather than the magnet—it is the relative motion that is important. The faster the motion, the greater the emf. Additionally, there is no emf when the magnet is stationary relative to the coil.
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Motional Emf01:22

Motional Emf

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Magnetic flux depends on three factors: the strength of the magnetic field, the area through which the field lines pass, and the field's orientation with respect to the surface area. If any of these quantities vary, a corresponding variation in magnetic flux occurs. If the area through which the magnetic field lines are passing changes, then the magnetic flux also changes. This change in the area can be of two types: the flux through the rectangular loop increases as it moves into the...
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Induced Electric Fields: Applications01:27

Induced Electric Fields: Applications

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An important distinction exists between the electric field induced by a changing magnetic field and the electrostatic field produced by a fixed charge distribution. Specifically, the induced electric field is nonconservative because it does not work in moving a charge over a closed path. In contrast, the electrostatic field is conservative and does no net work over a closed path. Hence, electric potential can be associated with the electrostatic field but not the induced field. The following...
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Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges01:23

Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges

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A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
Consider a point charge moving with a constant velocity. Like the electric field, the magnetic field at any point is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the source point and the field point. However, unlike the electric field, the magnetic field is always perpendicular to the plane containing the line...
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External Excitation of Neurons Using Electric and Magnetic Fields in One- and Two-dimensional Cultures
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Magnetic phase control by an electric field.

Thomas Lottermoser1, Thomas Lonkai, Uwe Amann

  • 1Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Strasse 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany.

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|July 30, 2004
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Researchers demonstrate electric field control of ferromagnetic ordering in hexagonal HoMnO3. This magnetoelectric effect offers a new pathway for advanced data storage technologies by switching magnetic properties with electric fields.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Materials science
  • Magnetoelectricity

Background:

  • The pursuit of higher data density in information storage drives research into non-magnetic field methods for magnetization manipulation.
  • Magnetoelectronics and spintronics explore phenomena like carrier effects and colossal magnetoresistance for device applications.
  • The linear magnetoelectric effect links magnetic and electric properties, with recent discoveries in composites and ferroelectrics showing enhanced effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the control of magnetic phase transitions using external electric fields.
  • To explore the magnetoelectric interactions in hexagonal HoMnO3 for potential applications in data storage.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing magneto-optical techniques to monitor the switching of ferromagnetic ordering.
  • Employing neutron and X-ray diffraction to elucidate the microscopic origins of the observed magnetoelectric effect.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated reversible switching of ferromagnetic ordering in hexagonal HoMnO3 using an external electric field.
  • Identified the magnetoelectric interactions responsible for controlling the magnetic phase.
  • Revealed the microscopic mechanisms underlying the electric-field-induced magnetic phase control.

Conclusions:

  • Hexagonal HoMnO3 exhibits electric-field-tunable magnetic phase control via magnetoelectric interactions.
  • This system provides a novel route for manipulating magnetic properties using electric fields.
  • Identified key requirements for discovering other materials capable of magnetoelectric phase control for advanced applications.