PPAR alpha, fibrates, lipid metabolism and inflammation

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are lipid-activated transcription factors belonging to the nuclear receptor superfamily. Three PPAR isotypes have been characterised: alpha, beta/delta and gamma. Identification of selective ligands and gene targeting studies have allowed determination of subtype-specific functions and the therapeutic potential of these receptors. Thus, PPAR alpha plays a prominent role in several physiological processes including the control of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, glucose homoeostasis and the inflammatory response. Here, we update the potential of PPAR alpha activation in the treatment of metabolic disorders and related cardiovascular complications.