An overview of meningitis: signs, symptoms, treatment and support

This article aims to raise awareness of meningitis and its symptoms. It describes some of the practical support that can be offered to sufferers, their families and friends. Meningitis can kill and immediate action can and does save lives. The practice nurse or the nurse working in the accident and emergency (A&E) department may be the first person to be sought for advice; therefore, it is vital that he/she gains an insight and understanding of this disease in order to offer effective advice and take prompt action. A definition of the disease is given, and viral and bacterial meningitis are discussed. Epidemiological data are presented concerning rates of infection and mortality. The signs and symptoms are outlined and the mode of transmission and the treatment needed are also considered. The prognosis and possible complications are described. These include potential problems such as sensorineural deafness, raised intracranial pressure, the need for skin grafting and the amputation of limbs and/or digits.