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Cognitive dysfunction in homeless adults: a systematic review.

Sean Spence1, Richard Stevens, Randolph Parks

  • 1Academic Clinical Psychiatry, Division of Genomic Medicine, University of Sheffield, The Longley Centre, Norwood Grange Drive, Sheffield S5 7JT, UK. s.a.spence@sheffield.ac.uk

Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
|August 3, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Homelessness is linked to significant cognitive dysfunction in adults. This brain function impairment may hinder societal reintegration efforts for the homeless population.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Public Health
  • Social Sciences

Background:

  • Homelessness presents numerous challenges that can negatively affect cognitive abilities.
  • Understanding the impact of homelessness on brain function is crucial for effective support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing literature and assess the evidence for cognitive dysfunction in adults experiencing homelessness.
  • To synthesize findings on the prevalence and nature of cognitive impairments within this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive review of published research was conducted.
  • Liberal inclusion criteria were applied to identify relevant studies.
  • Data from seventeen publications, representing eighteen samples primarily from the USA, were analyzed.

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Main Results:

  • Despite a small total study population (approx. 3300 individuals) and sample heterogeneity, most studies reported significant cognitive dysfunction.
  • The findings indicate a substantial burden of impaired cognitive function among homeless adults.
  • This cognitive impairment was observed across various studies despite broad inclusion criteria.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive dysfunction is a prevalent issue among adults experiencing homelessness.
  • Such impairments can impede successful reintegration into society, challenging inclusive policies.
  • Clinical assessments for homeless adults should routinely include cognitive evaluations.