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Related Experiment Videos

Invasive pneumococcal disease in Greenland.

Jacob Christiansen1, Peter Poulsen, Karin Ladefoged

  • 1Medical Department, Dronning Ingrids Hospital, Nuuk, Greenland. jacobnuuk@yahoo.com

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases
|August 4, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Invasive pneumococcal disease is highly prevalent among Greenlandic Inuit, particularly affecting young and middle-aged adults. Serotype 12F was associated with significantly higher mortality rates compared to other pneumococcal serotypes.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence is disproportionately high among Inuit populations in Alaska and Canada.
  • Greenlandic Inuit also experience a higher burden of IPD compared to non-Inuit populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the incidence and outcomes of invasive pneumococcal infections in Greenland.
  • To identify prevalent pneumococcal serotypes and their impact on disease outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of invasive pneumococcal infections in Greenland from 1996 to 2002.
  • Case definition included positive Streptococcus pneumoniae cultures from blood and/or cerebrospinal fluid.
  • Serotyping of isolates and review of medical charts were conducted.

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Main Results:

  • Fifty-one cases of IPD were identified, with an incidence of 54 per 100,000 among Inuit and 17 per 100,000 among non-Inuit annually.
  • Young and middle-aged adults (35-64 years) were most affected; 20 patients developed meningitis.
  • The overall mortality rate was 33% (17 deaths). Serotype 12F was most common (8 cases) and associated with significantly higher mortality (p < 0.01), while serotype 1 had no associated deaths.

Conclusions:

  • Invasive pneumococcal disease, including meningitis, remains a significant public health concern among Inuit in Greenland.
  • Young and middle-aged adults represent the most affected demographic.
  • Pneumococcal serotype is a critical determinant of invasive pneumococcal disease outcomes, highlighting the need for targeted prevention and treatment strategies.