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Multidirectional neck strength and electromyographic activity for normal controls.

D A Gabriel1, J Y Matsumoto, D H Davis

  • 1Raymond Nelson Reid Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada. dgabriel@arnie.pec.brocku.ca

Clinical Biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)
|August 4, 2004
PubMed
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This study precisely measured neck isometric strength and muscle activity in multiple directions. Findings reveal specific muscle contributions and lateral dominance in extension, enhancing anatomical understanding.

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human Physiology
  • Kinesiology

Background:

  • Previous research assessed neck isometric strength with limited precision at intermediate angles.
  • This study enhances precision by examining multidirectional forces and muscle activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To precisely assess multidirectional force and indwelling electromyographic (EMG) activity during maximal effort isometric neck actions.
  • To investigate neck muscle activation patterns across various force vectors.

Main Methods:

  • Descriptive study involving 18 participants performing maximal isometric neck exertions in 12 horizontal plane directions.
  • Measured forces using a load cell and recorded bilateral EMG activity of sternocleidomastoid, scalenus medius, trapezius, semispinalis capitis, and splenius capitis muscles.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Similar strength observed in anterolateral directions; right lateral dominance noted in extension.
  • Sternocleidomastoid and middle trapezius showed bilateral symmetry; other measured muscles did not.
  • Agonist, synergist, and antagonist muscle actions were clear, with EMG activity generally aligning with anatomical expectations, except for the scalenus medius, which showed synergistic extension activity.

Conclusions:

  • Enhanced precision in measuring neck isometric strength yielded novel insights into neck musculature function.
  • Demonstrated specific roles of neck muscles, including the scalenus medius in extension and lateral bending.