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Chronic Sialadenitis revealing hepatitis C: a case report
Carlos Madrid1, Bruno Courtois, Damien Duran
1Service e Stomatologie et de Medecine Dentaire, Policlinique Medicale Universitaire, 1011 Lausanne, France. Carlos.Madrid@hospvd.ch
Medicina Oral : Organo Oficial De La Sociedad Espanola De Medicina Oral Y De La Academia Iberoamericana De Patologia Y Medicina Bucal
|August 5, 2004
Summary
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can cause Sjögren-like syndrome, affecting salivary glands. Detecting HCV RNA in salivary glands suggests a direct role in sialadenitis pathogenesis, improving with interferon treatment.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Rheumatology
Background:
- Sjögren syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disorder affecting exocrine glands.
- Peripheral neuropathy and Raynaud disease can be presenting symptoms.
- Chronic lymphocytic sialadenitis is a key histopathological finding.
Observation:
- A 53-year-old male presented with symptoms mimicking SS.
- Labial salivary gland biopsy revealed chronic lymphocytic sialadenitis.
- Immunological tests were positive for Hepatitis C virus (HCV).
Findings:
- HCV-RNA was detected in serum and salivary glands via PCR.
- Liver biopsy confirmed chronic persistent hepatitis.
- Interferon alpha treatment eradicated HCV-RNA from serum and improved salivary gland function (Schirmer test).
Implications:
- Direct salivary gland infection by HCV is a potential cause of sialadenitis in HCV-positive patients.
- This finding suggests HCV-related sialadenitis can clinically resemble Sjögren syndrome.
- HCV should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with SS-like symptoms.
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