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Updated: Aug 4, 2026

Polysome Fractionation and Analysis of Mammalian Translatomes on a Genome-wide Scale
Published on: May 17, 2014
Mechanotransduction and the regulation of protein synthesis in skeletal muscle
1Muscle Biology Laboratory, School of Kinesiology (m/c 194), University of Illinois, Chicago, 901 W Roosevelt Road, Chicago, IL 60608, USA.
Abstract:
Repeated bouts of resistance exercise produce an increase in skeletal muscle mass. The accumulation of protein associated with the growth process results from a net increase in protein synthesis relative to breakdown. While the effect of resistance exercise on muscle mass has long been recognized, the mechanisms underlying the link between high-resistance contractions and the regulation of protein synthesis and breakdown are, to date, poorly understood. In the present paper skeletal muscle will be viewed as a mechanosensitive cell type and the possible mechanisms through which mechanically-induced signalling events lead to changes in rates of protein synthesis will be examined.
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Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Cross-bridge Cycle
Mechanical Protein Functions
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
Translational Regulation

