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Estrogen and/or calcium plus vitamin D increase mandibular bone mass
Charles F Hildebolt1, Thomas K Pilgram, Mary Dotson
1Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. hildeboltc@mir.wustl.edu
Journal of Periodontology
|August 7, 2004
Summary
Estrogen/hormone replacement therapy (E/HRT) and calcium with vitamin D may increase mandibular bone mass in postmenopausal women. Gains were most significant in the initial three years of treatment.
Area of Science:
- Oral health and bone metabolism
- Endocrinology and postmenopausal health
Background:
- Previous studies indicated estrogen/hormone replacement therapy (E/HRT) positively impacts oral bone density.
- Calcium and vitamin D supplementation showed a lesser effect on bone density.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the long-term effects of E/HRT combined with calcium and vitamin D on mandibular bone mass.
- To assess the impact of calcium and vitamin D alone on mandibular bone mass in postmenopausal women.
Main Methods:
- An open-label extension study involving 49 postmenopausal women from a previous cohort.
- Participants received either calcium and vitamin D plus E/HRT, or calcium and vitamin D only.
- Mandibular bone mass changes were analyzed using regression analysis over time.
Main Results:
- Women receiving E/HRT plus calcium and vitamin D for 5 years showed small increases in mandibular bone mass (0.35%).
- Women receiving calcium and vitamin D only for 3 years demonstrated increases in mandibular bone mass (0.74%).
- The most substantial increases in mandibular bone mass were observed within the first three years of the study.
Conclusions:
- Both E/HRT and calcium/vitamin D supplementation appear to increase mandibular bone mass in postmenopausal women.
- The benefits on mandibular bone mass were most pronounced during the initial three years.
- Caution is advised when prescribing E/HRT for long-term menopausal condition prevention due to associated risks.