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Polyamines in nickel-titanium archwire-induced gingivitis in adolescents
Journal of Periodontology
|August 7, 2004
Summary
Salivary polyamines like spermine and spermidine increase during orthodontic treatment in adolescents, potentially indicating early gingivitis. These changes are more pronounced in younger patients and may serve as earlier indicators than traditional gingival index scores.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Oral Health
- Orthodontics
Background:
- Polyamines (spermine, spermidine, putrescine) are implicated in inflammatory diseases.
- Their specific role in gingivitis and periodontitis, especially during orthodontic treatment, requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate polyamine levels and metabolism during orthodontic treatment.
- To assess the relationship between polyamine changes and gingivitis development.
Main Methods:
- Sixty patients (11-27 years) undergoing Ni-Ti archwire treatment were studied.
- Salivary polyamine metabolism and periodontal parameters (PI, GI) were measured at baseline and 3, 6, 12 months.
- Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC), and SSAT activities were assessed.
Main Results:
- Adolescents (14-17 years) showed increased spermine, spermidine, ODC, and SAMDC activity from 3 to 12 months.
- Gingival Index (GI) increased later (6-12 months), while Plaque Index (PI) remained stable.
- No significant changes were observed in younger (11-13 years) or older (over 18 years) patients.
Conclusions:
- Salivary polyamines may serve as early biomarkers for gingivitis during orthodontic treatment.
- This finding is particularly relevant for adolescent patients undergoing archwire therapy.
- Polyamines could offer a more sensitive indicator than the gingival index score.