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[Exertional compartment syndrome].

J Lecocq1, M E Isner-Horobeti, A Dupeyron

  • 1Service de médecine physique et de réadaptation, hôpital de Hautepierre, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, 67098 Strasbourg, France. jehan.lecocq@chru-strasbourg.fr

Annales De Readaptation Et De Medecine Physique : Revue Scientifique De La Societe Francaise De Reeducation Fonctionnelle De Readaptation Et De Medecine Physique
|August 7, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Chronic exertional compartment syndrome causes exertion-related pain due to increased intramuscular pressure. Further research is needed to standardize diagnosis and clarify treatment outcomes for this condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Orthopedics
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) is a condition characterized by pain during physical activity that resolves with rest.
  • It involves an excessive increase in intramuscular pressure within specific compartments of the limbs.
  • The exact pathophysiological mechanisms underlying CECS are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comprehensive literature review on chronic exertional compartment syndrome.
  • To summarize current knowledge regarding its diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • A literature search was performed using Medline.
  • Keywords included: compartment syndrome, exertional, chronic, pressure, and fasciotomy.

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Main Results:

  • CECS presents with exertional pain and elevated intramuscular pressure.
  • Intramuscular pressure measurement is the gold standard but lacks standardization.
  • Noninvasive diagnostic methods (MRI, SPECT, NIRS) have shown limited diagnostic value.
  • Potential pathophysiological factors include muscle hypertrophy, fascial changes, venous return issues, and micro-injuries.
  • Treatment options involve activity modification or fasciotomy, with endoscopic-assisted fasciotomy showing promise.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is essential to elucidate the physiopathology of CECS.
  • Standardization of intramuscular pressure testing and evaluation of pressure thresholds are required.
  • Noninvasive diagnostic tools need further assessment.
  • Long-term outcomes of fasciotomy require more investigation.