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Calcitonin: physiological actions and clinical applications
Angela M Inzerillo1, Mone Zaidi, Christopher L H Huang
1Mount Sinai Bone Program, Departments of Medicine and Geriatrics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, and Bronx Veteran's Affairs, New York, NY, USA.
Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism : JPEM
|August 11, 2004
Summary
Calcitonin (CT) inhibits bone resorption by acting directly on osteoclasts. This peptide hormone
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Molecular Biology
- Bone Biology
Background:
- Calcitonin (CT) is a peptide hormone initially misattributed to the parathyroid gland, now known to originate from C-cells.
- Human CT is a 32-amino acid peptide with a specific structure, including a disulfide bridge and prolineamide residue.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the synthesis, structure, and cellular/molecular actions of calcitonin.
- To discuss the therapeutic applications of calcitonin in bone diseases and hypercalcemia.
- To explore potential future clinical uses of calcitonin.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of calcitonin's properties and applications.
- Summary of research on osteoclast CT receptors and signaling pathways.
- Analysis of clinical data regarding calcitonin's efficacy.
Main Results:
- Calcitonin potently inhibits bone resorption, primarily through direct action on osteoclasts.
- Specific osteoclast CT receptors and their functional regions have been identified.
- CT is clinically used for Paget's disease, osteoporosis, hypercalcemia, and osteogenesis imperfecta.
Conclusions:
- Calcitonin's mechanism of action involves direct osteoclast inhibition.
- Understanding CT's molecular interactions facilitates its therapeutic use.
- Further research may uncover novel clinical applications for calcitonin.