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Related Experiment Videos

Internipple distance and internipple index.

Alexander K C Leung1, C Pion Kao, Reginald S Sauve

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, and the Asian Medical Centre, an affiliate with the University of Calgary Medical Clinic, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Journal of the National Medical Association
|August 12, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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This study established reference standards for internipple distance and internipple index in Chinese children. Findings highlight ethnic variations in nipple placement, crucial for accurate assessment.

Area of Science:

  • Anthropometry
  • Pediatric Health
  • Human Anatomy

Background:

  • The internipple distance and internipple index are key anthropometric measures.
  • Understanding these measurements is vital for assessing nipple placement and potential developmental variations.
  • Ethnic differences in anthropometry are well-documented and necessitate population-specific reference data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the internipple distance and internipple index in a large cohort of Chinese children.
  • To establish age- and sex-specific reference values for these measurements in Chinese pediatric population.
  • To investigate the relationship between internipple index and age in Chinese children.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 3,290 healthy Chinese children aged 0-18 years.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Standardized anthropometric measurements of internipple distance and chest circumference were performed.
  • The internipple index was calculated using the formula: (internipple distance cm * 100) / chest circumference cm.

    • Main Results:

    • Both internipple distance and chest circumference showed a positive correlation with age.
    • The internipple index was highest in neonates and decreased significantly by age four.
    • The internipple index remained relatively stable from age four onwards, with a gradual decrease in females after age 11.

    Conclusions:

    • The internipple index provides a practical method for evaluating nipple spacing.
    • Significant ethnic variations exist in the internipple index, underscoring the need for specific reference standards.
    • Accurate assessment of nipple placement requires utilizing appropriate, population-specific reference data.