Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 23, 2026

Detection of Infectious Virus from Field-collected Mosquitoes by Vero Cell Culture Assay
07:23

Detection of Infectious Virus from Field-collected Mosquitoes by Vero Cell Culture Assay

Published on: June 9, 2011

Aseptic meningitis outbreak associated with echovirus 9 among recreational vehicle campers--Connecticut, 2003

    MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
    |August 13, 2004
    PubMed

    Insights

    An enterovirus outbreak caused aseptic meningitis among campers. Mild illnesses and crowded conditions, like swimming pools, facilitated its spread, highlighting the need for hygiene and pool maintenance.

    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
    • Virology

    Background:

    • Aseptic meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, often caused by enteroviruses.
    • Recreational vehicle (RV) campers are a population susceptible to infectious disease outbreaks.
    • Enterovirus infections can range from mild to severe, particularly in children.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate an outbreak of aseptic meningitis and enterovirus-like illness at a campground.
    • To identify the contributing factors and transmission routes of the outbreak.
    • To provide recommendations for preventing future outbreaks.

    Main Methods:

    • Case identification through interviews with campers.
    • Epidemiological investigation by public health departments (CDPH) and CDC.
    • Analysis of illness patterns and potential exposure sources.

    Main Results:

    • 12 cases of aseptic meningitis and 24 cases of enterovirus-like illness were identified among 201 campers.
    • Transmission of enterovirus from individuals with mild illness was a key factor.
    • Crowded conditions in RVs and the campground swimming pool likely amplified spread.

    Conclusions:

    • Enterovirus transmission occurred within the campground setting, leading to an aseptic meningitis outbreak.
    • Hygiene practices and environmental controls, such as pool water quality, are critical for prevention.
    • Public health interventions should focus on educating campers and ensuring safe recreational environments.

    More Related Videos

    EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. Part III. Virus Detection by RT-qPCR12:32

    EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. Part III. Virus Detection by RT-qPCR

    Published on: January 16, 2016

    EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. II. Total Culturable Virus Assay11:09

    EPA Method 1615. Measurement of Enterovirus and Norovirus Occurrence in Water by Culture and RT-qPCR. II. Total Culturable Virus Assay

    Published on: September 11, 2016

    Related Concept Videos

    Viral Meningitis01:18

    Viral Meningitis

    Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
    Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

    Bacterial Gastroenteritis

    Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
    Investigation of Disease Outbreaks01:23

    Investigation of Disease Outbreaks

    Multistate foodborne outbreaks pose significant public health risks and require meticulous investigation to identify sources and implement control measures. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) utilizes a dynamic seven-step process for these investigations, integrating data from laboratories, interviews, and environmental assessments to protect public health.Outbreak Detection: The detection of multistate outbreaks typically begins with PulseNet, the CDC's national laboratory...
    Bacterial Meningitis01:24

    Bacterial Meningitis

    Bacterial meningitis is a severe infectious disease involving inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It occurs when pathogenic bacteria cross the blood–brain barrier and enter the cerebrospinal fluid. Common causative organisms include Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli K1. The exact route of entry varies by pathogen and host condition.Routes of Entry...
    Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

    Encephalitis l: Introduction

    Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
    Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

    Arboviral Encephalitis

    Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...