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Does thyroid function in developing birds adapt to sustained ammonium perchlorate exposure?

F M Anne McNabb1, Darryl A Jang, Calvert T Larsen

  • 1Department of Biology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0406, USA. happy@vt.edu

Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology
|August 18, 2004
PubMed
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Ammonium perchlorate (AP) in drinking water impacts bobwhite quail thyroid function. While high AP decreased thyroid hormones and increased gland size, chicks showed adaptive thyroid responses to sustained exposure.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental toxicology
  • Endocrinology
  • Avian physiology

Background:

  • Ammonium perchlorate (AP) is an environmental contaminant.
  • Thyroid hormones regulate metabolism and development.
  • Developing animals may be vulnerable to environmental contaminants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the effects of AP on thyroid function in bobwhite quail chicks.
  • Determine the sensitivity of various thyroid indicators to AP exposure.
  • Assess adaptive responses to sustained AP exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Exposure of quail chicks to varying AP concentrations in drinking water.
  • Measurement of plasma thyroid hormones (THs).
  • Evaluation of thyroid weights and thyroidal TH content.

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Main Results:

  • High AP concentrations decreased plasma THs, caused thyroid hypertrophy, and reduced thyroidal TH content.
  • Thyroidal thyroxine (T4) content was the most sensitive indicator of thyroid disruption.
  • Chicks exhibited adaptive thyroid responses, with compensation varying by AP concentration and exposure duration.

Conclusions:

  • Thyroidal T4 content is a sensitive biomarker for AP-induced thyroid disruption.
  • Bobwhite quail chicks can adapt to sustained AP exposure, challenging the notion of universal vulnerability in developing animals.
  • The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis exhibits cyclic responses and intermittent hormone release, influencing indicator sensitivity.