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Depression in Parkinson's disease: conceptual issues and clinical challenges
1Department of Psychiatry, Maastricht University Hospital, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ, the Netherlands. a.leentjens@np.unimaas.nl
Background:
Depression frequently accompanies Parkinson's disease (PD) and may have a negative impact on activities of daily living, cognitive performance, and quality of life. Because of the symptom overlap between the 2 disorders, it may be difficult to recognize depression in PD. Moreover, the partially shared pathophysiology may make it difficult to treat depressive symptoms without influencing motor or cognitive function.
Objective:
To review the current knowledge of the epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of depression in patients with Parkinson's disease.
Method:
Discussion of recent studies and relevant literature.
Conclusion:
Not only conceptually but also in terms of etiology, pathophysiology, and treatment, the relationship between PD and depression remains a challenge. There are still many questions to be answered. In the therapeutic domain, large, placebo-controlled trials are necessary to evaluate the efficacy of antidepressant treatment and allow the development of evidence-based guidelines.