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Related Experiment Videos

Elongated styloid process: when is it really elongated?

T Jung1, H Tschernitschek, H Hippen

  • 1Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Medical University of Hanover, Germany.

Dento Maxillo Facial Radiology
|August 18, 2004
PubMed
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Current definitions for elongated styloid process (SP) are too low. This study found that SP length varies naturally with age and gender, proposing a new threshold for consistent classification on panoramic radiographs.

Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Anthropology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • The styloid process (SP) is often classified as elongated based on arbitrary thresholds (30-33 mm).
  • These existing thresholds do not account for the natural variation in SP length across populations.
  • Accurate classification of SP length is crucial for anatomical and anthropological consistency, particularly in radiographic analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the natural variation in the length of the styloid process (SP).
  • To establish a more accurate and consistent basis for classifying an elongated SP on panoramic radiographs (PRs).
  • To refine terminology in anatomy and anthropology regarding SP morphology.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 1000 consecutive panoramic radiographs (PRs) from a normal population.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Direct measurement of SP length from the tympanic plate to the tip on available radiographs.
  • Statistical analysis of measurements, considering age and gender variations.

    • Main Results:

    • A total of 837 SP length measurements were analyzed, combining left and right sides due to lack of significant difference.
    • The median SP length was 28.0 mm, with an interquartile range of 23.0 mm to 36.0 mm.
    • SP length distribution showed significant dependence on age and gender, with the 90th percentile ranging from 42 mm to 49 mm.

    Conclusions:

    • Existing thresholds for elongated SP (30-33 mm) are exceeded by 50% of normal individuals, indicating they are too low.
    • A new proposed threshold for an elongated SP is set at >45 mm.
    • This revised threshold accounts for natural variations and aligns with the average 90th percentiles across different sex and age groups.