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Malignancy is increased in ANCA-associated vasculitis.

T Pankhurst1, C O S Savage, C Gordon

  • 1Division of Medical Sciences, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

Rheumatology (Oxford, England)
|August 19, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis face a higher risk of developing cancer. This study found a significant association between ANCA-associated vasculitis and malignancy, underscoring the need for awareness.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Oncology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Previous reports suggest a link between renal vasculitis and malignancy.
  • Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis encompasses conditions like Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between malignancy and ANCA-associated vasculitis (WG or MPA).
  • To compare malignancy rates in ANCA-associated vasculitis patients with the general population and disease controls (SLE, HSP).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 200 consecutive patients with WG or MPA.
  • Recorded malignancies preceding or concurrent with vasculitis.
  • Compared incidence with 129 HSP patients, 333 SLE patients, and a normal UK population.

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Main Results:

  • Twenty ANCA-associated vasculitis patients (14 MPA, 6 WG) had malignancy.
  • ANCA-associated vasculitis patients showed increased malignancy risk compared to SLE and HSP patients.
  • A significantly increased malignancy rate was observed in ANCA-associated vasculitis patients versus age-matched controls (RR 6.02).

Conclusions:

  • Patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis have an elevated risk of preceding or concurrent malignancy.
  • The study highlights a critical association requiring clinical attention and further research.