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Pulmonary thromboembolism in cats.

Thomas Schermerhorn1, Julie R Pembleton-Corbett, Bruce Kornreich

  • 1Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-5606, USA. ts46@cornell.edu

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
|August 24, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is uncommon in cats, often linked to other severe illnesses. This study highlights that PTE is frequently missed before death, suggesting a need for increased clinical suspicion in feline patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Cardiology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is infrequently diagnosed in feline patients.
  • The clinical presentation and diagnostic challenges of PTE in cats are not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence, clinical features, and associated conditions of pulmonary thromboembolism in cats.
  • To evaluate the ante-mortem recognition of PTE in feline cases.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of postmortem diagnoses of PTE in cats over a 24-year period.
  • Review of signalment, concurrent diseases, and clinical signs in affected cats.

Main Results:

  • PTE was diagnosed postmortem in 17 cats (0.06% prevalence).

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  • Concurrent severe diseases, including neoplasia, anemia, and pancreatitis, were present in most cases (16/17).
  • Dyspnea and respiratory distress were common clinical signs, but PTE was not diagnosed ante-mortem in any case.

    • Conclusions:

    • Pulmonary thromboembolism affects cats of all ages, often secondary to other systemic diseases.
    • Clinical suspicion for PTE in cats should be heightened, applying similar criteria as used in canine diagnostics.
    • Improved ante-mortem diagnostic strategies are needed for feline PTE.