Lower concentration of serum soluble CD8 in severe Hashimoto's disease

To investigate the roles of soluble CD4 (sCD4) and CD8 (sCD8) in the severity of autoimmune thyroid diseases, we examined serum concentrations of sCD4 and sCD8 in various degrees of severity of Hashimoto's disease (HD) and Graves' disease (GD) by enzyme immunoassay. The serum concentration of sCD8 was lower in euthyroid patients with HD undergoing treatment for hypothyroidism (severe HD) than in untreated, euthyroid patients with HD (mild HD), but the sCD4 concentration did not differ between patients with severe and mild HD. The serum sCD8 concentration was negatively correlated with the proportion of CD25(+) cells in CD8(+) cells in patients with severe HD. Serum sCD4 and sCD8 concentrations did not differ between euthyroid patients with GD in remission and those with intractable GD. These results indicate that serum sCD8 is involved in the severity of HD, possibly by down-regulating the function of cytotoxic T cells.