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Related Experiment Videos

Baryogenesis from the Kobayashi-Maskawa phase.

Micha Berkooz1, Yosef Nir, Tomer Volansky

  • 1Department of Particle Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel. micha.berkooz@weizmann.ac.il

Physical Review Letters
|August 25, 2004
PubMed
Summary

The Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism may explain the universe's baryon asymmetry if quark masses were larger during the electroweak phase transition. This scenario offers a new perspective on CP violation in baryogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Particle Physics
  • Cosmology
  • Quantum Field Theory

Background:

  • The observed baryon asymmetry in the universe is difficult to explain with the standard model's CP violation from the Kobayashi-Maskawa phase due to small quark masses.
  • Current models struggle to account for the significant CP violation needed for baryogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a mechanism where the Kobayashi-Maskawa phase could be the dominant source of CP violation responsible for baryogenesis.
  • To explore the implications of time-varying Yukawa couplings on quark masses and their role in the early universe.

Main Methods:

  • Investigating the consequences of large quark masses at the electroweak phase transition.
  • Utilizing the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism to model time-varying Yukawa couplings.

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  • Analyzing potential alleviation of issues related to a strong first-order electroweak phase transition.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrating that large quark masses during the electroweak phase transition could enable the Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism to generate sufficient CP violation.
    • Showing that the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism provides a viable framework for such time-varying Yukawa couplings.
    • Identifying potential solutions to problems associated with strong first-order electroweak phase transitions.

    Conclusions:

    • The Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism can be a dominant source of CP violation for baryogenesis under specific conditions in the early universe.
    • Time variation in Yukawa couplings offers a plausible solution to the baryon asymmetry puzzle.
    • This framework challenges the conventional understanding of the Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism's role in baryogenesis.