Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacodynamic Models: Additive and Proportional Drug Effect Model01:09

Pharmacodynamic Models: Additive and Proportional Drug Effect Model

22
Drug response models describe how pharmacological agents interact with biological systems to produce measurable effects. Baseline responses are inherent physiological activities without a drug significantly influencing the observed pharmacological outcomes. Depending on the drug response model employed, these baseline responses may combine with the drug's effect in either an additive or proportional manner.Additive Drug Response ModelIn the additive model, the drug effect is independent of the...
22
Pharmacodynamic Models: Linear Concentration–Effect Model01:15

Pharmacodynamic Models: Linear Concentration–Effect Model

20
The linear concentration–effect model, underpinned by the principle that pharmacological effect (E) is directly proportional to plasma drug concentration (C), emerges as a pivotal simplification of the Emax model for conditions where C is significantly less than EC50. This model portrays a linear trajectory of the concentration–effect relationship when drug levels are markedly below the EC50 threshold.Despite its inherent assumption of continuous effect augmentation with increasing...
20
Pharmacodynamic Models: Link Model and Systems Pharmacodynamic Model01:14

Pharmacodynamic Models: Link Model and Systems Pharmacodynamic Model

25
The link model is a fundamental pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK–PD) approach to account for delayed drug responses when the observed effect does not immediately correlate with the drug's plasma concentration peak. This delay is mathematically addressed by introducing an effect compartment concentration, Ce, which is kinetically linked to the plasma concentration, Cp, via a first-order rate constant, ke0. The linkage allows for a more accurate prediction of drug effects over time. A...
25
Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain01:26

Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain

395
Linear systems are characterized by two main properties: superposition and homogeneity. Superposition allows the response to multiple inputs to be the sum of the responses to each individual input. Homogeneity ensures that scaling an input by a scalar results in the response being scaled by the same scalar.
In contrast, nonlinear systems do not inherently possess these properties. However, for small deviations around an operating point, a nonlinear system can often be approximated as linear....
395
Parameters Affecting Nonlinear Elimination: Zero-Order Input, First-Order Absorption and Two-Compartment Model01:13

Parameters Affecting Nonlinear Elimination: Zero-Order Input, First-Order Absorption and Two-Compartment Model

346
Drugs administered through various routes can lead to nonlinear elimination, resulting in complex pharmacokinetic behaviors crucial to understanding efficacious drug dosing.
When a drug is administered through a constant intravenous infusion and eliminated via nonlinear pharmacokinetics, it follows zero-order input. For example, oral drugs undergo first-order absorption upon administration and are eliminated through nonlinear pharmacokinetics.
In the case of subcutaneously administered drugs,...
346
Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Causes of Nonlinearity01:22

Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Causes of Nonlinearity

769
Nonlinearity in drug pharmacokinetics is caused by various factors influencing how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted. Understanding these nonlinear processes is crucial for predicting drug behavior in the body and optimizing drug dosing regimens.
Nonlinear drug absorption can occur when the process is rate-limited by solubility, carrier-mediated transport systems, or saturation of the presystemic gut wall or hepatic metabolism. For instance, high doses of riboflavin...
769

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mach-Zehnder atom interferometry with non-interacting trapped Bose-Einstein condensates.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Measurement of the superfluid fraction of a supersolid by Josephson effect.

Nature·2024
Same author

Establishment of a UPLC-MS/MS Method for Studying the Effect of Salt-Processing on Tissue Distribution of Twelve Major Bioactive Components of Qing'e Pills in Rats.

Journal of analytical methods in chemistry·2020
Same author

Surgical lobectomy of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations in a patient with presentations regarded as sequela of tuberculosis: a case report.

Journal of cardiothoracic surgery·2020
Same author

Concomitant surgery for aortic valve and lung cancer patients in an elder.

Journal of cardiothoracic surgery·2020
Same author

Small RNA sequencing reveals a novel tsRNA-06018 playing an important role during adipogenic differentiation of hMSCs.

Journal of cellular and molecular medicine·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach
04:35

Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach

Published on: July 3, 2020

3.8K

Nonlinear Krönig-Penney model.

WeiDong Li1, A Smerzi

  • 1Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia BEC-CRS and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento, I-38050 Povo, Italy.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|August 25, 2004
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We present a nonlinear Krönig-Penney model for Bose-Einstein condensates and optical fibers. Analytical solutions reveal novel Bloch states with unique periodicities, expanding on the linear Krönig-Penney model.

More Related Videos

Measuring Delay Discounting in Humans Using an Adjusting Amount Task
07:47

Measuring Delay Discounting in Humans Using an Adjusting Amount Task

Published on: January 9, 2016

16.1K
Assessing Cerebral Autoregulation via Oscillatory Lower Body Negative Pressure and Projection Pursuit Regression
11:26

Assessing Cerebral Autoregulation via Oscillatory Lower Body Negative Pressure and Projection Pursuit Regression

Published on: December 10, 2014

12.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach
04:35

Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach

Published on: July 3, 2020

3.8K
Measuring Delay Discounting in Humans Using an Adjusting Amount Task
07:47

Measuring Delay Discounting in Humans Using an Adjusting Amount Task

Published on: January 9, 2016

16.1K
Assessing Cerebral Autoregulation via Oscillatory Lower Body Negative Pressure and Projection Pursuit Regression
11:26

Assessing Cerebral Autoregulation via Oscillatory Lower Body Negative Pressure and Projection Pursuit Regression

Published on: December 10, 2014

12.9K

Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear dynamics
  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • The Krönig-Penney model describes electron behavior in periodic potentials.
  • Nonlinear phenomena are crucial in Bose-Einstein condensates and optical systems.
  • Understanding nonlinear wave propagation is vital for signal integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a periodic delta-function potential.
  • To develop a nonlinear Krönig-Penney model for physical applications.
  • To find and characterize analytical solutions for nonlinear Bloch states.

Main Methods:

  • Solving the nonlinear Schrödinger equation analytically.
  • Analyzing wave functions for periodic and non-periodic solutions.
  • Calculating chemical potentials and comparing with linear spectra.

Main Results:

  • Analytical solutions for zero-current Bloch states were found.
  • These states exhibit periodicity matching the potential or differing from it.
  • The chemical potential of nonlinear states was calculated and compared to linear excitations.

Conclusions:

  • The study establishes a nonlinear Krönig-Penney model with relevant physical applications.
  • Novel nonlinear Bloch states with distinct periodic properties were identified.
  • The findings offer insights into nonlinear wave phenomena in quantum systems and optics.