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Superficial white onychomycosis revisited
1Nail Disease Centre, 42 Rue des Serbes, 06400 Cannes, France. baran.r@club-internet
Summary
Superficial white onychomycosis (SWO) can invade deeper nail layers, requiring different treatments. A new classification helps guide therapy for fungal nail infections.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Mycology
- Nail Diseases
Background:
- Superficial white onychomycosis (SWO) is a superficial fungal infection of the nail plate.
- Current treatments primarily involve topical antifungals.
Observation:
- This study details a case of SWO with deep nail plate penetration.
- Clinical signs include persistent discoloration and proximal nailfold involvement.
- Histological examination confirms fungal invasion beyond superficial layers.
Findings:
- A new classification for SWO is proposed, including classical SWO, dual superficial and ventral invasion, and pseudo-SWO with deep invasion.
- This subdivision identifies variants with distinct therapeutic implications.
Implications:
- Topical antifungals are effective for superficial SWO.
- Systemic or combination therapy is necessary for deep or ventral nail invasion to ensure effective fungal nail infection treatment.