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Type trait (co)variance components for five dairy breeds.

G R Wiggans1, N Gengler, J R Wright

  • 1Animal Improvement Programs Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA. wiggans@aipl.arsusda.gov

Journal of Dairy Science
|August 26, 2004
PubMed
Summary

New variance component estimates improve dairy cattle type evaluations. These updated genetic parameters enhance accuracy for traits like rump angle and udder depth across five breeds.

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Area of Science:

  • Animal genetics
  • Quantitative genetics
  • Dairy cattle breeding

Background:

  • Accurate genetic evaluations for dairy cattle type traits are crucial for breeding programs.
  • Previous estimation methods did not fully account for changes in trait scoring or variance heterogeneity over time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-estimate (co)variance components for linear type traits in five major dairy cattle breeds.
  • To incorporate updated methodologies for trait adjustment and variance modeling.

Main Methods:

  • Estimation of (co)variance components using appraisal data from 1995 onwards.
  • Implementation of additive adjustments for age and lactation stage.
  • Incorporation of a method to handle heterogeneous variance within iterations.

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Main Results:

  • Significant changes in heritability estimates were observed, notably for rump angle (Milking Shorthorn) and udder depth (Jersey).
  • New estimates reflect adjustments for altered trait scoring and a shift to additive variance adjustments.
  • The updated method better accommodates heterogeneous variances, particularly since 2002.

Conclusions:

  • The revised (co)variance component estimates offer improved accuracy for dairy cattle type evaluations.
  • These updates are particularly beneficial for traits exhibiting temporal variance changes.
  • Enhanced accuracy supports more effective genetic selection in dairy breeding programs.