Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Blood Flow

Blood Flow

Blood is pumped by the heart into the aorta, the largest artery in the body, and then into increasingly smaller arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. The velocity of blood flow decreases with increased cross-sectional blood vessel area. As blood returns to the heart through venules and veins, its velocity increases. The movement of blood is encouraged by smooth muscle in the vessel walls, the movement of skeletal muscle surrounding the vessels, and one-way valves that prevent backflow.

Overview of Blood Vessels

Overview of Blood Vessels

The human cardiovascular system comprises five primary types of blood vessels: arteries, arterioles, veins, venules, and capillaries, each serving unique functions.
Arteries and Arterioles: Arteries are muscular and elastic vessels that primarily carry oxygenated blood from the heart to body tissues, except for the pulmonary artery, which carries deoxygenated blood. They have thick walls to withstand high pressure and contain a layer of muscle tissue, allowing them to expand or contract as...

Structure of Blood Vessels

Structure of Blood Vessels

Blood is circulated throughout the human body through a network of blood vessels called the circulatory system. This system includes arteries that transport blood from the heart to various body parts. These arterial pathways divide into smaller vessels until they reach the arterioles, which further split into capillaries. It is within these minuscule capillaries that the exchange of nutrients and waste products takes place. After this exchange, the blood is collected by venules, which fuse to...

Arteries and Arterioles

Arteries and Arterioles

Arteries, the vasculature responsible for transporting blood from the heart, possess robust walls capable of enduring the elevated pressures exerted by the heartbeat. Arteries near the heart are especially thick-walled and enriched with elastic fibers across their three tunics, classifying them as elastic or conducting arteries. These arteries, usually with a diameter exceeding 10 mm, are characterized by their ability to dilate in response to the blood pumped from the heart's ventricles and...

Autoregulation of Blood Flow

Autoregulation of Blood Flow

Autoregulation mechanisms are characterized by their inherent capacity for self-regulation without necessitating specific nervous stimulation or endocrine control. These mechanisms facilitate the adjustment of blood flow and, therefore, perfusion specific to each tissue region. This self-regulation encompasses chemical signals and myogenic controls.
Chemical Signaling in Autoregulation
Chemical signaling operates at the precapillary sphincter level, inciting either contraction or relaxation.

Development of Blood Vessels

Development of Blood Vessels

The development of the vascular system in a fetus is a complex and intricate process that begins as early as 15 to 16 days post-conception. This process starts outside the embryo, specifically in the mesoderm of the yolk sac, chorion, and connecting stalk. Approximately two days later, the formation of blood vessels occurs within the embryo itself.
The initial formation of this system is facilitated by the small amount of yolk present in the ovum and yolk sac. Blood vessels originate from...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Congenital Subclavian Vein Aneurysm in an Infant.

Annals of thoracic surgery short reports·2026

Same author

Abnormal extracellular matrix deposition by fascial fibroblasts underlies the connective tissue pathology in the disease Radial Dysplasia.

Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology·2026

Same author

Soft tissue abnormalities in the congenital limb malformation radial dysplasia (RD): Their clinical impact and treatment significance.

Journal of anatomy·2026

Same author

Investigating the role connective tissue fibroblasts play in the altered muscle anatomy associated with the limb abnormality, Radial Dysplasia.

Journal of anatomy·2024

Same author

Aesthetic Considerations in Pollicisation Using the Buck-Gramcko Technique.

The journal of hand surgery Asian-Pacific volume·2023

Same author

Thrombophilia and Preoperative Deep Venous Thrombosis and Their Effect on Free Flap Survival: A Scoping Review.

Plastic surgery (Oakville, Ont.)·2023

Same journal

Alcohol-Related Liver Disease: A Review.

JAMA·2026

Same journal

Online Prescribing of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists.

JAMA·2026

Same journal

Using AI Disagreement to Expose Gaps in Coverage Rules.

JAMA·2026

Same journal

Randomized Trials in Pregnancy.

JAMA·2026

Same journal

Randomized Trials in Pregnancy-Reply.

JAMA·2026

Same journal

WHO Issues Guidelines for Treating Ebola and Marburg Viruses.

JAMA·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Videomorphometric Analysis of Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction of Intra-pulmonary Arteries Using Murine Precision Cut Lung Slices

Videomorphometric Analysis of Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction of Intra-pulmonary Arteries Using Murine Precision Cut Lung Slices

Published on: January 14, 2014

Modulating angiogenesis: more vs less.

Branavan Sivakumar¹, Lorraine E Harry, Ewa M Paleolog

¹Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London.

|August 26, 2004

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This review examines angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels, as a therapeutic strategy. While initial enthusiasm for treating diseases like cancer and cardiovascular conditions was high, current research indicates a need for more targeted approaches.

More Related Videos

Microfluidic Flow Chambers Using Reconstituted Blood to Model Hemostasis and Platelet Transfusion In Vitro

Microfluidic Flow Chambers Using Reconstituted Blood to Model Hemostasis and Platelet Transfusion In Vitro

Published on: March 19, 2016

In Vitro Model of Fetal Human Vessel On-chip to Study Developmental Mechanobiology

In Vitro Model of Fetal Human Vessel On-chip to Study Developmental Mechanobiology

Published on: July 28, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Videomorphometric Analysis of Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction of Intra-pulmonary Arteries Using Murine Precision Cut Lung Slices

Videomorphometric Analysis of Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction of Intra-pulmonary Arteries Using Murine Precision Cut Lung Slices

Published on: January 14, 2014

Microfluidic Flow Chambers Using Reconstituted Blood to Model Hemostasis and Platelet Transfusion In Vitro

Microfluidic Flow Chambers Using Reconstituted Blood to Model Hemostasis and Platelet Transfusion In Vitro

Published on: March 19, 2016

In Vitro Model of Fetal Human Vessel On-chip to Study Developmental Mechanobiology

In Vitro Model of Fetal Human Vessel On-chip to Study Developmental Mechanobiology

Published on: July 28, 2023

Area of Science:

Biomedical research
Vascular biology
Therapeutic targets

Background:

Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is a complex biological process with significant implications for various diseases.
Manipulation of vascularization has garnered substantial interest for therapeutic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

To review angiogenesis as a therapeutic target in diseases such as cancer and arthritis.
To explore strategies for promoting angiogenesis in cardiovascular disease and bone fracture healing.

Main Methods:

Literature review focusing on therapeutic angiogenesis.
Analysis of clinical trial outcomes for angiogenesis-based therapies.
Examination of the role of angiogenesis in disease pathology and healing processes.

Main Results:

Early enthusiasm for angiogenesis as a universal therapeutic agent, particularly for tumors and conditions like diabetic retinopathy and rheumatoid arthritis, has been tempered by clinical trial results.
Therapeutic angiogenesis trials for cardiovascular disease have yielded disappointing outcomes.
The complexity of angiogenesis necessitates a move towards more refined and targeted therapeutic strategies.

Conclusions:

While not a panacea, angiogenesis remains a promising area for developing targeted therapies.
Further research is required to overcome challenges and optimize the clinical application of angiogenesis modulation.
Precision medicine approaches hold potential for harnessing the benefits of angiogenesis in treating a range of conditions.