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Related Experiment Videos

Chemical cytometry on a picoliter-scale integrated microfluidic chip.

Hongkai Wu1, Aaron Wheeler, Richard N Zare

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5080, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|August 26, 2004
PubMed
Summary

This study presents an integrated microfluidic device for single-cell chemical analysis, enabling precise cell lysis and chemical analysis with minimal reagent volumes for detailed cellular insights.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Single-cell analysis is crucial for understanding cellular heterogeneity.
  • Existing methods often require large sample volumes and complex procedures.
  • Microfluidic technologies offer potential for miniaturized and automated cellular analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an integrated microfluidic device for comprehensive chemical cytometry of single cells.
  • To demonstrate the device's capability for cell handling, reagent delivery, lysis, derivatization, and detection.
  • To validate the device's performance using Jurkat T cells and amino acid analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of an integrated microfluidic device using multilayer soft lithography.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Incorporation of novel three-state valves and a picopipette for precise fluid control.
  • Development of a workflow for single-cell lysis, chemical derivatization, and capillary electrophoresis separation.
  • Detection of derivatized compounds using laser-induced fluorescence.

    • Main Results:

    • The microfluidic device successfully integrated four key functions for chemical cytometry.
    • A reaction volume of approximately 70 picoliters was achieved for single Jurkat T cell lysis and derivatization.
    • Electropherograms of amino acids from individual Jurkat T cells were successfully recorded.
    • Results from single-cell analysis were comparable to those from multiple-cell homogenates.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed integrated microfluidic device enables efficient and precise chemical analysis of single cells.
    • The novel valve and picopipette designs are critical for minimizing reaction volumes and optimizing analysis.
    • This technology advances the field of chemical cytometry, offering a powerful tool for single-cell research.