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Stroke in young adults: a study from a university hospital in north India

Man Mohan Mehndiratta1, Puneet Agarwal, Kaushik Sen

  • 1Department of Neurology, G.B. Pant Hospital, New Delhi 110002, India. mmehndi@vsnl.com

Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research
|August 26, 2004
PubMed

Insights

Stroke significantly impacts young individuals, with hypertension and smoking being key risk factors. Cardioembolic and atherosclerotic causes dominate ischemic stroke in this demographic.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Stroke is a leading cause of disability and death, presenting a significant socioeconomic challenge, particularly in young populations and developing nations.
  • Understanding stroke in young individuals is crucial due to its disproportionate impact on morbidity and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical characteristics, stroke types, and etiological factors of stroke in young patients.
  • To identify prevalent risk factors and common causes of stroke in a young demographic.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) cases admitted to a neurology department between 1988 and 1997.
  • Categorization of stroke types (ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage) and etiological factors.

Main Results:

  • Young stroke patients constituted 13.5% of all CVA cases.
  • Ischemic stroke was predominant (85.8%), with cardioembolic (29.4%) and atherosclerotic occlusive disease (22%) as common causes.
  • Hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and smoking were identified as major risk factors; oral contraceptives, alcohol, and drug use were infrequent.

Conclusions:

  • Key stroke risk factors in young patients include hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and smoking.
  • Cardioembolic stroke and atherosclerotic occlusive disease are the primary contributors to ischemic stroke in young individuals.
  • Etiology remained undetermined in 10.09% of cases, highlighting the need for further research.
Abstract

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