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Updated: Aug 22, 2026

Ultrasound-guided Botulinum Toxin-A Injections: A Method of Treating Sialorrhea
Published on: November 9, 2016
Botulinum toxin A for the treatment of cervical dystonia
Theresa A Zesiewicz1, William Stamey, Kelly L Sullivan
1University of South Florida, Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders Center, 4 Columbia Drive, Suite 410, Tampa, Florida 33606, USA.
Abstract:
Idiopathic cervical dystonia (ICD) is the most common adult-onset focal dystonia. It is characterised by relatively sustained, involuntary contractions of neck muscles. Injections of botulinum toxin (BTX)-A are safe and effective for the treatment of ICD, and have substantially improved its treatment. BTX-A is manufactured by Allergan Pharmaceuticals in the US and Ireland, and is distributed as Botox. In Europe, BTX-A is manufactured and distributed by Ipsen Pharmaceuticals as Dysport. Success rates for BTX-A injections for ICD ranges 64-90%, with 76-93% of injected patients experiencing pain reduction. Side effects are generally mild and include dysphagia and neck weakness.
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