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Related Experiment Videos

Multiple system atrophy presenting as central sleep apnoea.

L J Cormican1, S Higgins, A C Davidson

  • 1Dept of Respiratory Medicine, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK. liam.cormican@gstt.sthames.nhs.uk

The European Respiratory Journal
|August 31, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Multiple system atrophy (MSA) can present as central sleep apnoea. This neurodegenerative disorder involves autonomic, cerebellar, and extrapyramidal dysfunction, often appearing later in the disease progression.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases

Background:

  • Central sleep apnoea (CSA) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of respiratory effort.
  • Idiopathic CSA is diagnosed when no underlying cause is identified.
  • Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting multiple systems in the brain.

Observation:

  • A 61-year-old male initially presented with idiopathic central sleep apnoea.
  • Over four years, he developed autonomic, cerebellar, and extrapyramidal dysfunction.
  • These symptoms were consistent with a diagnosis of multiple system atrophy (MSA).

Findings:

  • Central sleep apnoea is a less common manifestation of MSA compared to obstructive sleep apnoea.
  • CSA in MSA may result from the depletion of cholinergic neurons in the medullary arcuate nucleus via apoptosis.

Related Experiment Videos

  • This case represents the first documented instance of MSA presenting primarily with central sleep apnoea.

    • Implications:

    • Multiple system atrophy should be considered in the differential diagnosis of late-onset central sleep apnoea.
    • This presentation highlights the importance of recognizing atypical neurological signs in sleep disorders.
    • Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms linking MSA and central sleep apnoea.