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Related Experiment Videos

Water as foaming agent for open cell polyurethane structures.

H Haugen1, V Ried, M Brunner

  • 1Central Institute for Medical Engineering ZIMT, Technische Universität München, Germany. haugen@zimt.tum.de

Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine
|August 31, 2004
PubMed
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This study developed a novel, non-toxic method for creating porous thermoplastic polyurethane scaffolds using water as a foaming agent. This process allows for mass production of scaffolds with controlled moisture content and adjustable pore sizes.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Moisture in polymer processing can lead to air bubbles, necessitating drying of polymer granulates.
  • Conventional polyurethane foaming agents, like organic solvents, can leave harmful residues in scaffolds.
  • Existing scaffold production methods, such as solvent casting, have limitations in sample thickness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel processing method for thermoplastic polyurethane scaffolds with controlled moisture content.
  • To utilize water as a non-toxic foaming agent and NaCl as a porogen for creating open-cell structures.
  • To establish a mass-producible, non-toxic method for creating porous scaffolds with adjustable properties.

Main Methods:

  • Thermoplastic polyether-polyurethane samples were processed in a heated press.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Water was used as the foaming agent, and NaCl as porogens to create an open-cell structure.
  • Key process parameters investigated included filling volume, temperature, NaCl concentration, and water uptake rate.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved a porosity of 64% in the polyether-polyurethane samples.
    • Pore size ranged from 50 to 500 micrometers.
    • Demonstrated successful adhesion and proliferation of human fibroblasts within the manufactured scaffolds.

    Conclusions:

    • A non-toxic production process for thermoplastic polyether-polyurethane porous structures was successfully developed.
    • The novel method enables mass production of scaffolds with tunable pore size and porosity, overcoming thickness limitations of solvent casting.
    • The process offers a safer alternative for producing biocompatible scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.