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Updated: Jul 24, 2026
06:55
Kinematic History of a Salient-recess Junction Explored through a Combined Approach of Field Data and Analog Sandbox Modeling
Published on: August 5, 2016
Summer sandal genital trauma.
C de San Lazaro1, S Sivaramakrishnan
1Lindisfarne Forensic Paediatric Centre, Royal Victoria Infirmary Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine
|September 1, 2004
Summary
Vulval injuries in girls can be accidental, caused by impact with shoe edges. Forensic evaluation is crucial to distinguish accidental trauma from abuse, especially when injury mechanisms are unclear.
Area of Science:
- Forensic Paediatric Medicine
- Paediatric Trauma
- Child Protection
Background:
- Vulval injuries in children can be misdiagnosed as sexual abuse.
- Unclear injury mechanisms and delayed reporting can raise suspicion of abuse.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report cases of vulval injuries in girls resulting from accidental trauma.
- To highlight indicators that differentiate accidental injuries from abuse.
Main Methods:
- Case series review of four girls with vulval injuries.
- Clinical examination focusing on the extent of injury.
- Forensic paediatric assessment.
Main Results:
- All four cases involved vulval injuries from impact with the edge of shoes.
- Lack of deeper tissue or hymenal injury suggested accidental origin.
- Forensic paediatric evaluation was key in determining the cause.
Conclusions:
- Vulval injuries from shoe-edge impact are possible and often accidental.
- Thorough forensic assessment is vital to avoid misdiagnosis of child sexual abuse.
- Careful examination can reveal indicators of accidental trauma.
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