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Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Conjugation01:19

Mechanism of Conjugation

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Bacterial conjugation is a mechanism of horizontal gene transfer that enables the exchange of genetic material between bacterial cells through direct contact. This process is facilitated by a donor cell carrying a conjugative plasmid, which encodes genes necessary for pilus formation, DNA replication, and transfer. The conjugative plasmid plays a central role in initiating and executing the transfer of genetic material.The tra region of the conjugative plasmid encodes proteins responsible for...
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Conjugation01:19

Conjugation

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Conjugation is a form of horizontal gene transfer that primarily occurs in bacteria and some archaea, promoting genetic diversity and adaptation. Bacteria can acquire resistance genes through conjugative plasmids, allowing them to survive antibiotic treatments that would otherwise be lethal. This process involves direct contact between cells through specialized structures such as the sex pilus and is mediated by conjugative plasmids, including the F (fertility) factor.Conjugation requires...
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Horizontal Gene Transfer01:27

Horizontal Gene Transfer

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Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is a process where genetic material moves between organisms within the same generation, unlike vertical gene transfer, which occurs from parent to offspring. HGT plays a crucial role in microbial evolution, adaptation, and survival, particularly in shared environments like the human gut.Mobile genetic elements such as plasmids, prophages, integrons, insertion sequences, and transposons facilitate this process. HGT occurs through three primary mechanisms:...
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Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms02:18

Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms

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No description available
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Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms02:18

Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms

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Genetic transfer occurs when genetic information is passed from one organism to another. It occurs via two mechanisms: vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer. Vertical gene transfer occurs when genetic information is transferred from one generation to the next, which happens much more frequently than horizontal gene transfer. Both sexual and asexual reproduction are forms of vertical gene transfer, where one or more organisms pass some or all of their genome onto their progeny.
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Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

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Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
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Related Experiment Video

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Rapid, Seamless Generation of Recombinant Poxviruses using Host Range and Visual Selection
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Conjugal transfer vaccinia.

Michael F Lorich1, Sidney B Smith, G Todd Bessinger

  • 1Department of Family Medicine, Darnall Army Community Hospital, Fort Hood, TX 76544, USA.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|September 1, 2004
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Conjugal contact transfer of vaccinia virus occurred in two cases. This rare transmission happened between partners after one received the smallpox vaccination, highlighting potential risks of close contact.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Smallpox vaccination, utilizing the vaccinia virus, was a critical public health measure.
  • Understanding transmission routes of vaccine-derived viruses is essential for safety.

Observation:

  • Two distinct cases of vaccinia virus transmission were documented.
  • Transmission occurred through intimate contact between partners.

Findings:

  • The index cases involved active-duty military personnel who had recently received the smallpox vaccination.
  • The vaccinia virus was transferred from the vaccinated partner to their civilian partner via conjugal contact.

Implications:

  • Highlights the potential for rare, person-to-person transmission of vaccinia virus.
  • Emphasizes the need for awareness of transmission risks following smallpox vaccination, especially with close contact.
  • Informs public health guidance regarding post-vaccination precautions.