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Sleep problems in children with autism.

P Gail Williams1, Lonnie L Sears, AnnaMary Allard

  • 1Weisskopf Center for the Evaluation of Children, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. pgwill@iegwise.louisville.edu

Journal of Sleep Research
|September 2, 2004
PubMed
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Children with autism experience frequent sleep problems, including difficulty falling asleep and restless sleep. These issues highlight the need for further research into effective sleep strategies for this population.

Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disability impacting social interaction, communication, and behavior.
  • Sleep disorders affect a significant portion of children with ASD, with prevalence estimates ranging from 44% to 83%.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and types of sleep problems in children with autism.
  • To explore potential associations between sleep issues and demographic/medical factors in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A survey of 210 children with autism was conducted using a parent-report Likert-based questionnaire.
  • Data were analyzed to identify frequently reported sleep problems and to compare frequencies across subgroups (e.g., intellectual disability, age).

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Main Results:

  • High prevalence of sleep problems was confirmed, with common issues including difficulty falling asleep, restless sleep, and frequent nighttime waking.
  • Children with intellectual disability showed significantly higher rates of nighttime waking.
  • Certain medical conditions, such as vision and upper respiratory problems, were associated with reduced nighttime sleep, while poor appetite and growth were linked to increased waking and difficulty falling asleep.

Conclusions:

  • Parental reports confirm a high incidence of sleep disturbances in children with autism.
  • Further systematic research is crucial for developing targeted interventions to address sleep problems in this population.