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Toxicity data relevant for hazard characterization.

Josef Schlatter1

  • 1Swiss Federal Office of Public Health, Food Toxicology Section, Stauffacherstrasse 101, CH-8004 Zürich, Switzerland. josef.schlatter@bag.admin.ch

Toxicology Letters
|September 3, 2004
PubMed
Summary

This study reviews trichothecene mycotoxin toxicity, establishing Tolerable Daily Intakes (TDIs) for deoxynivalenol (DON) and nivalenol (NIV). TDIs for NIV, T-2, and HT-2 are temporary due to data gaps.

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Area of Science:

  • Food Safety
  • Toxicology
  • Mycotoxicology

Background:

  • Trichothecene mycotoxins like deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV), T-2, and HT-2 are common food contaminants.
  • Previous assessments by the European Commission Scientific Committee on Food (SCF) and the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) provide toxicity data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize toxicity data for hazard characterization of DON, NIV, T-2, and HT-2.
  • To establish Tolerable Daily Intakes (TDIs) for these mycotoxins based on available toxicological profiles.

Main Methods:

  • Review of toxicity data from SCF and JECFA opinions.
  • Identification of critical toxicological effects, including general toxicity, immunotoxicity, and haematotoxicity.
  • Calculation of TDIs based on critical effect levels.

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Main Results:

  • The toxicological profiles of DON, NIV, T-2, and HT-2 are similar, with general toxicity and immunotoxicity being critical effects.
  • Haematotoxicity was also identified as a critical effect for NIV.
  • TDIs were established: 1 µg/kg b.w. for DON, 0.7 µg/kg b.w. for NIV, and 0.06 µg/kg b.w. for the sum of T-2 and HT-2.

Conclusions:

  • Established TDIs provide a basis for risk assessment of trichothecene mycotoxin exposure.
  • TDIs for NIV, T-2, and HT-2 are temporary due to database deficiencies, highlighting the need for further research.
  • Further research is needed to address data gaps and refine TDI values for NIV, T-2, and HT-2.