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Depression.

Donna E Stewart1, Enza Gucciardi, Sherry L Grace

  • 1University Health Network Women's Health Program, University of Toronto, 657 University Ave, ML-2004, Toronto, M5B 2N2, ON, Toronto, Canada. donna.stewart@uhn.on.ca

BMC Women'S Health
|September 4, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Canadian women, particularly those of reproductive age, experience depression at higher rates than men. Despite being treatable, many depressed women do not receive adequate care, highlighting a significant public health issue.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Mental Health Research

Background:

  • Depression significantly impairs functioning across physical, social, and occupational domains.
  • Women are twice as likely as men to experience depression, with psychosocial factors mediating biological influences.
  • Canadian women of reproductive age exhibit the highest rates of depression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the prevalence and predictive factors of depression in Canada.
  • To identify disparities in depression treatment seeking and receipt among women.
  • To highlight data gaps and recommend future research directions for depression in women.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the 1999 National Population Health Survey.
  • Analyzed self-reported incidence of depression in Canadian men and women.
  • Examined predictive factors, treatment seeking, and medication use for depression.

Main Results:

  • Annual depression incidence was 5.7% in women versus 2.9% in men.
  • Key predictive factors include prior depression, stress, chronic illness, trauma, lack of support, lone parenthood, and low mastery.
  • Only 43% of depressed women consulted a health professional, and 32.4% used antidepressants; lower socioeconomic status correlated with reduced treatment access.

Conclusions:

  • Depression is more prevalent in Canadian women, especially of reproductive age, influenced by various psychosocial factors.
  • Significant gaps exist in depression treatment access and utilization among women, particularly those with lower socioeconomic status.
  • Further research is crucial to understand vulnerability, resilience, and optimize depression care across different life stages and populations.

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