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Related Experiment Videos

Competition between ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and benthic microalgae.

Nils Risgaard-Petersen1, Mette H Nicolaisen, Niels Peter Revsbech

  • 1Department of Marine Ecology, National Environmental Research Institute, Veijlsøveg 25, DK-8600 Silkeborg, Denmark. nri@dmu.dk

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
|September 4, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Microalgae outcompete ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) for nutrients, reducing AOB abundance and nitrification potential in sediments. This competitive exclusion highlights algae

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Microbiology
  • Aquatic Ecology
  • Biogeochemical Cycles

Background:

  • Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) are crucial for nitrification in aquatic ecosystems.
  • Microphytobenthic communities, including algae, can influence microbial processes in sediments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of microphytobenthic activity on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) abundance, activity, and diversity.
  • To elucidate the competitive interactions between microalgae and AOB in sediment microcosms.

Main Methods:

  • Real-time PCR was used to estimate AOB abundance.
  • Potential nitrification rates were measured.
  • Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of amoA fragments analyzed AOB diversity.
  • Bacterial enumeration used 16S rRNA gene copies and d-amino acids.

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Main Results:

  • In microcosms without algae, AOB abundance and nitrification potential increased.
  • In alga-colonized sediments, AOB activity decreased to <20% of potential, with reduced abundance and nitrification.
  • Microalgae induced nitrogen and oxygen limitation, suppressing AOB growth and survival.
  • Algae negatively impacted other bacterial groups, indicating broader competitive effects.

Conclusions:

  • Benthic microalgae competitively exclude AOB through superior nutrient uptake and growth rates.
  • Microalgae significantly suppress AOB populations and nitrification in sediments.
  • Direct competitive interactions favor algae over AOB in nutrient-limited environments.