Present concept of unexplained infertility

Despite improvements in both diagnostic assessment and treatment of infertile couples, many couples still have no explanation for their infertility. Unexplained infertility (the failure to conceive of a couple in whom no definitive cause for infertility can be found) has an incidence of 10-20% in all infertile couples. The incidence varies with the population studied and with the criteria used. Unexplained infertility is not an absolute condition but rather a relative inability to conceive, and many of these couples may conceive without treatment. The treatment options for unexplained infertility are several and the treatment results are promising. Expectant management can be recommended if the woman is under 28-30 years of age and the infertility duration is less than 2-3 years. In vitro fertilization (IVF) has revolutionized the treatment of infertile couples, as well as profoundly increasing the basic understanding of human reproduction. IVF can be used as both a diagnostic and a therapeutic tool in couples with unexplained infertility. The pregnancy rates with IVF are good, at 40% per treatment cycle. In addition, the outcome of pregnancies among women with unexplained infertility is generally comparable to that of spontaneous and other pregnancies using assisted reproductive technologies.