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Leprous osteitis presenting as bone cyst and erosions
Shriya Dave1, Achyuta V Nori, Devinder M Thappa
1Department of Dermatology and STD, Jipmer, Pondicherry, India.
Dermatology Online Journal
|September 7, 2004
Summary
This case highlights advanced bone changes in subpolar lepromatous leprosy, a rare complication. Leprous osteitis led to bone cysts and erosions in the phalanges of the hand and toes.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Infectious Diseases
- Radiology
Background:
- Leprosy, particularly lepromatous leprosy, can present with diverse clinical manifestations.
- Advanced skeletal involvement in leprosy is uncommon with modern multidrug therapies.
Observation:
- A 30-year-old male presented with skin lesions of subpolar lepromatous leprosy, including digital swelling and ulceration.
- Radiography revealed lytic bone lesions and erosions in the phalanges of the hands and feet.
- Histopathology and fine-needle aspiration cytology confirmed acid-fast bacilli in bone lesions.
Findings:
- The patient was diagnosed with subpolar lepromatous leprosy complicated by leprous osteitis.
- Radiographic findings included well-defined bone cysts and erosions in the phalanges.
- Microscopic examination demonstrated abundant acid-fast bacilli within the bone lesions.
Implications:
- This case underscores the importance of considering leprosy even with unusual presentations like advanced osteitis.
- Early detection and treatment of leprosy are crucial to prevent severe complications such as bone destruction.
- Radiographic and cytological evaluations are vital for diagnosing leprous osteitis and guiding management.